VLAN Membership When a VLAN is provided at an access layer switch, an end user must be able to gain membership to it. Two membership methods exist on Cisco Catalyst switches: static…
Category: CCNA Articles
CCNA Articles
Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) – II
STP States To participate in STP, each port of a switch must progress through several states. A port begins in a Disabled state moving through several passive states and finally into an…
Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) – I
A Layer 2 switch, which functions as a transparent bridge, offers no additional links for redundancy purposes. To add redundancy, a second switch must be added. Now two switches offer the transparent…
Manage Cisco IOS
Configuring Cisco IOS Configuration mode is one of the modes for the Cisco CLI. It is similar to user mode and privileged mode. User mode allows commands that are not disruptive to…
Cisco IOS Overview
Cisco routers run the Cisco Internetworking Operating System (IOS) with a command-line interface (CLI). The IOS also runs on some Cisco switch models, and it uses CLI. However, in some cases, the…
Wireless Networks
Conventional Ethernet networks require cables connected computers via hubs and switches. This has the effect of restricting the computer’s mobility and requires that even portable computers be physically connected to a hub…
Bridging and Swtiching
Bridging is used to connect two network segments. This alleviates congestion problems on a single Ethernet segment and extends allowed cabling distances because the segments on each side of the bridge conformed…
Internetworking/Networks
A network is defined as a group of two or more computers linked together for the purpose of communicating and sharing information and other resources, such as printers and applications. Most networks…
The TCP/IP Model
TCP/IP and the OSI Reference Model As illustrated in Figure 1.2, the TCP/IP model consists of four layers, each of which can have several sublayers. These layers correlate roughly to layers in…